Andrographis paniculata

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Species name: '



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Parameter Value(s) References
See complete references in the References section at the end
Names of users who have contributed to this species page
Date on which this page was first created
This page was last modified on: 2 December 2010 16:14:02, 14 November 2010 14:52:16, 19 November 2010 04:32:13, 24 November 2010 04:02:47, 20 November 2010 18:29:20, 28 November 2010 06:07:47, 1 December 2010 06:12:28, 1 December 2010 06:31:46, 10 February 2011 04:59:12, 1 December 2010 05:54:23, 30 November 2010 05:13:39, 6 September 2010 14:31:52, 20 March 2011 23:49:28, 4 December 2010 23:07:36, 17 February 2011 21:20:53, 14 December 2010 18:18:59, 11 December 2010 05:05:47, 6 September 2010 14:34:23, 6 September 2010 14:35:41, 6 September 2010 14:36:19, 6 September 2010 14:36:55, 6 September 2010 14:49:24, 6 September 2010 14:48:10, 26 December 2010 16:22:36, 6 September 2010 14:53:23, 17 March 2011 01:02:54, 20 February 2011 18:19:20, 20 February 2011 18:20:37, 24 November 2010 03:57:42, 17 March 2011 01:03:08, 17 March 2011 01:03:29, 2 October 2010 05:34:34, 23 November 2010 03:59:22, 26 February 2011 15:17:38, 26 February 2011 15:30:47, 26 February 2011 15:41:14, 5 March 2011 03:47:10, 2 March 2011 22:16:15, 2 March 2011 22:20:18, 6 September 2010 14:58:10, 22 November 2010 04:25:02, 24 November 2010 02:40:07, 17 March 2011 00:59:06, 17 March 2011 21:59:59, 19 March 2011 00:21:33, 20 August 2011 05:06:21, 19 March 2011 00:49:40, 30 March 2011 00:42:50, 13 December 2010 23:18:13, 1 December 2010 13:49:49 … further results"w:{{{species name}}}" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki.
Name of the species '
ID on Encyclopedia of Life
Synonyms Please check Binomial Classification section for synonyms.
Common English Names
Common Hindi Names
Common Indian names
Origins/Meanings of the common names

Taxonomy from Encyclopedia of Life

If nothing is displayed in this section, it means the EoL ID has not been defined. Please click on Edit with form button on top and follow the instructions for filling in the EoL ID

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Taxonomy filled in form

Angiosperm phylogeny. This image is copyrighted. Rights owned by Theodore C.H.Cole (Heidelberg) and Hartmut H. Hilger (Berlin) 2010. Please obtain copyright permissions before reuse.
Click here for the PDF of the phylogeny
Taxon Value
Regnum (Kingdom) Plantae
Division '
Class '
Order Lamiales
Family Acanthaceae
Genus Andrographis
Source of data '

Other closely related species

SpeciesOrderCommon nameCommon Hindi name
Jasminum officinaleLamialesCommon Jasmine, Poet's Jasmine, Spanish Jasmineचमेली Chameli
Martynia diandraLamialesDevil's Claws, Tiger's Clawउलट-कांटा Ulat-kanta, बाघनख Baghnakh
Ocimum tenuiflorumLamialesHoly Basil, Indian Basilतुलसी Tulsi
… further results
OrderTaxon detailsTaxon morphology details
LamialesSpecies in this order probably arose ~70-100 million years ago based on various estimates. Lamiales contain ~12% of eudicot diversity. Well-known or economically important members of this order include lavender, lilac, olive, jasmine, the ash tree, teak, snapdragon, sesame, psyllium, and a number of table herbs such as mint, basil, and rosemary.Members of this species are herbaceous or shrubby, have mono-symmetric flowers and numerous small seeds. Species in this order typically have the following characteristics, although there are exceptions to all of them - 1) superior ovary composed of two fused carpels 2) five petals fused into a tube 3) bilaterally symmetrical, often bilabiate corollas and 4) four (or fewer) fertile stamens
SpeciesFamilyCommon nameCommon Hindi name
Hygrophila auriculataAcanthaceaeHygrophila, Temple plant, Marsh Barbelतालीम ख़ाना Talim Khana
Justicia adhatodaAcanthaceaeMalabar Nutअडुळसा Adulsa
Barleria prionitisAcanthaceaePorcupine flowerवज्राद्नती Vajradanti
… further results
FamilyTaxon detailsTaxon morphology details
AcanthaceaeThe family Acanthaceae (or Acanthus family) is one of the most successful Angiosperm dicot taxon. It contains almost 250 genera and 2500-4000 species. These species are mostly distributed in the tropics as herbs, shrubs, or twining vines; some are epiphytes. The representatives of the family can be found in nearly every habitat, including dense or open forests, in scrublands, on wet fields and valleys, at the sea coast and in marine areas, and in swamps and as an element of mangrove woods.Plants in this family have simple, opposite, decussate leaves with entire (or sometimes toothed, lobed, or spiny) margins, and without stipules. The leaves may contain cystoliths, calcium carbonate concretions, seen as streaks on the surface.

The flowers are perfect, zygomorphic to nearly actinomorphic, and arranged in an inflorescence that is either a spike, raceme, or cyme. Typically there is a colorful bract subtending each flower; in some species the bract is large and showy. The calyx is usually 4-5 lobed; the corolla tubular, 2-lipped or 5-lobed; stamens either 2 or 4 arranged in pairs and inserted on the corolla; and the ovary superior, 2-carpellate, with axile placentation.

The fruit is a two-celled capsule, dehiscing somewhat explosively. In most species, the seeds are attached to a small, hooked stalk (a modified funiculus called a jaculator) that ejects them from the capsule.

Based on classification

FamilyTaxon detailsTaxon morphology details
AcanthaceaeThe family Acanthaceae (or Acanthus family) is one of the most successful Angiosperm dicot taxon. It contains almost 250 genera and 2500-4000 species. These species are mostly distributed in the tropics as herbs, shrubs, or twining vines; some are epiphytes. The representatives of the family can be found in nearly every habitat, including dense or open forests, in scrublands, on wet fields and valleys, at the sea coast and in marine areas, and in swamps and as an element of mangrove woods.Plants in this family have simple, opposite, decussate leaves with entire (or sometimes toothed, lobed, or spiny) margins, and without stipules. The leaves may contain cystoliths, calcium carbonate concretions, seen as streaks on the surface.

The flowers are perfect, zygomorphic to nearly actinomorphic, and arranged in an inflorescence that is either a spike, raceme, or cyme. Typically there is a colorful bract subtending each flower; in some species the bract is large and showy. The calyx is usually 4-5 lobed; the corolla tubular, 2-lipped or 5-lobed; stamens either 2 or 4 arranged in pairs and inserted on the corolla; and the ovary superior, 2-carpellate, with axile placentation.

The fruit is a two-celled capsule, dehiscing somewhat explosively. In most species, the seeds are attached to a small, hooked stalk (a modified funiculus called a jaculator) that ejects them from the capsule.

More details can be found in the Binomial Classification section.

Morphology from Encyclopedia of Life

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General morphology

Parameter Value(s) References
See complete references in the References section at the end
General morphological features of the plant
Seed dispersal mechanism
Bloom type
Life cycle of the plant

How to identify this species

For a detailed description, refer to the General Morphology details above

Parameter Value(s) References
See complete references in the References section at the end
Type of plant Herb
Plant height
Flower color White
Flower shape
Floral symmetry
Phyllotaxy of leaves
Leaf shape
Is the leaf petiolated or sessile?
Is the leaf simple or compound?

Parameter Value(s) References
See complete references in the References section at the end
IUCN Conservation Status
Indian States in which the species has been documented Assam,Andhra Pradesh,Bihar,Delhi,Goa,Gujarat,Jharkhand,Karnataka,Kerala,Madhya Pradesh,Maharashtra,Orissa,Rajasthan,Tamil Nadu,Uttar Pradesh,West Bengal
Locations at which the species has been documented
Biotic zones inhabited West Coast, Indo-Gangetic Plain
Details about the habitat
Is this species native to India? Yes wiki
Is the species indigenous/endemic to Sub-Himalayan regions?
Is the species indigenous/endemic to Western Ghats?
Is the species indigenous/endemic to Eastern Ghats?

More plants native to India

Species nameCommon nameCommon Hindi namePlant typeNative plantBiotic zone
Abelmoschus moschatusOkra, Abelmosk, Ambrette seeds, Annual hibiscus, Bamia Moschata, Galu Gasturi, Muskdana, Musk mallow, Musk okra, Musk seeds, Ornamental okra, Rose mallow seeds, Tropical jewel hibiscus, Yorka okraमुश्कदाना Mushkdana, कस्तूरीदाना Kasturi-dana, जंगली भिंडी Jangli bhindi
Acacia concinnaSoap podशिकाकाई ShikakaiWoody (Tree/Shrub)Northeastern Himalayas
Eastern Ghats
Western Ghats
Central Deccan Plateau
East Coast
West Coast
Indo-Gangetic Plain
Acrostichum aureumGolden leatherfern, Mangrove fernFernNortheastern Himalayas
Eastern Ghats
East Coast
Indo-Gangetic Plain
Outlying Islands
Aegle marmelosBel, Beli fruit, Bengal quince, Stone apple, Wood appleबेल Bel
Allium sativumCultivated Garlicलेह्सन Lehsan
… further results


Parameter Value(s) References
See complete references in the References section at the end
Does this species have any medicinal use? Yes

Other plants of the same family having medicinal use:

Species nameCommon nameCommon Hindi nameFamilyAilment typeMedicinal use description
Andrographis paniculataAcanthaceaePains and Inflammation
Barleria prionitisPorcupine flowerवज्राद्नती VajradantiAcanthaceaeInfectious diseases
Accidents
Pains and Inflammation
Common ailments
Organ-specific disorders
Plant extracts known to suppress fungal growth. Mouthwash made from root tissue used for cleaning teeth and relieving tooth ache and bleeding gums. Leaves used to promote healing of wounds, joint pains and toothaches. Extracts used in many herbal skin creams to protect against skin infections. Plant extracts have also been shown to have hepatoprotective and anti-spermatogenic activities. Root extract has been shown to reduce fertility of male rats by 100%
Hygrophila auriculataHygrophila, Temple plant, Marsh Barbelतालीम ख़ाना Talim KhanaAcanthaceaeInfectious diseases
Pains and Inflammation
Common ailments
Organ-specific disorders
For treating skin diseases, dried leaf powder mixed with castor oil is applied on the affected region twice a day. (Unsupported claim)
… further results
Parameter Value(s) References
See complete references in the References section at the end
General types of ailments this species is used for treating Pains and Inflammation
Specific ailments for which the species is used
Medicinal systems which use this plant Ayurveda
Details of Medicinal use
Parts of the plant used for treatment Fruit
Names of some medicinal active compounds in this plant, if known.
Details of the active chemical compounds found in this plant
Is the molecular basis of the medicinal action known?
Details of molecular basis of action
Are the toxic effects of consumption of this plant known?
Details of the toxic effects of the plant species
Have there been validation/clinical studies related to this plant?
Details of the clinical studies related to the plant species

Parameter Value(s) References
See complete references in the References section at the end
Is this plant/plant-derived product used in food preparations?
Part(s) of the plant used in the food preparations
Details of use in food preparations
Does this species have any religious significance?
Religions which mention/give significance to this species
Religious occasions
Details of religious use

Parameter Value(s) References
See complete references in the References section at the end
Is this plant cultivated commercially in India?
Uses for which the plant is commercially cultivated Medicinal use
Plant parts of commercial value
Products where this plant is used User-reported
Description of use
States where this plant is cultivated commercially
Best period for planting this plant
Best period for harvesting this plant
Method of propagation
Water requirement of this plant
Pests and Diseases affecting this plant during cultivation
Other considerations while cultivating this plant


Pubmed Word cloud

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  • If there is an error message below, it means that there is no retrievable information available on NCBI
  • If the number of nucleotide sequences is less than 100, very little genomic work has been done on this species. A respectable number of nucleotide sequences is above 10000.
  • Most of the nucleotide sequences may come from three sources:
  1. Studies on single genes, where people try to sequence genes such as some specific dehydrogenases important,say, for tannin production
  2. Sequences of Ribosomal Internal Transcribed Spacer, whose sequence is used for generating molecular phylogenetic trees to establish species relationships
  3. Expressed Sequence Tags (ESTs) which can tell about which genes are present and expressed in the species at a particular time in the given tissue

{{#queryDB:taxonomy |{{{species name}}} }}

Parameter Value(s) References
See complete references in the References section at the end
Details of modern scientific knowledge available for this species 1> cancer: https://www.thieme-connect.com/DOI/DOI?10.1055/s-0030-1250039 : Planta Medica, 2010 Jun 10

this paper demonstrates that andrographolide a major constituent of Andrographis paniculata suppressed the invasion ability of CT26 cells in Matrigel-based invasion assays. Andrographolide shown to inhibit matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) activity without affecting its expression. It also to play role in attenuation of activation of ERK, but not Akt pathways.

2> Phytochemistry Volume 71, Issues 11-12, August 2010, Pages 1298-1304 This paper talks about Biosynthesis of andrographolide in Andrographis paniculata ...

3> Chinese Medicine 2010, 5:17 http://www.cmjournal.org/content/5/1/17 An extensive review about the Bioactivities of compounds derived from A. paniculata also their effect on different cellular processes.

Are herbarium specimen available for this species?
Institutes having herbarium samples

References