Ayurveda

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Plants important in Ayurveda

Species nameCommon nameCommon hindi namePlant medicinal partGeneral ailment types treatedMedicinal active compoundMedicinal active compound details
Acacia concinnaSoap podशिकाकाई ShikakaiLeaves
Fruit
Infectious diseases
Organ-specific disorders
Acacia niloticaArabic Gum, Black Piquant, Egyptian thorn, Prickly acaciaबबूल Babool,कीकर KikarRoot
Bark
Leaves
Fruit
Seeds
Infectious diseases
Acacia sinuataPiquant SappanShikakaiInfectious diseases
Organ-specific disorders
Achillea millefoliumCommon Yarrow, Gordaldo, Nosebleed plant, Old man's pepper, Devil's nettle, Sanguinary, Milfoil, Soldier's woundwort, Thousand-leaf, Thousand-seal.Gandrain, Puthkanda, भूतकॆशी Bhut KesiAchilline
Acorus calamusSweet Flag, calamus, flagroot, sweet cane, sweet grass, sweetroot, sweet rushबच Bach, घोरबच Ghorbach, सफ़ेद बच Safed bachPains and Inflammation
Mental disorders
Allium sativumCultivated Garlicलेह्सन LehsanInfectious diseases
Pains and Inflammation
Common ailments
Systemic disorders
Cancer
Aloe veraAloe vera, Medicinal aloe, Burn plantGheekumari घीकुमारी
Anacyclus pyrethrumPellitory, Spanish chamomile, Mount Atlas daisyRoot
Leaves
Fruit
Andrographis paniculataFruitPains and Inflammation
Artocarpus heterophyllusJackfruitकटहलLeaves
Fruit
Infectious diseases
Pains and Inflammation
Systemic disorders
Organ-specific disorders
Azadirachta indicaNeemनीम NeemRoot
Stem
Bark
Leaves
Flower
Fruit
Seeds
Infectious diseases
Systemic disorders
Organ-specific disorders
Cancer
Azadirachtin
Beta-Sitosterol
Kaempferol
Quercitin
Myricetin
Nimbidin
While the chemicals from Neem oil are known, their molecular basis of action is still unknown. Over 700 medicinal preparations have been described in ethnobotanical medicinal systems using Neem. Several sterols and terpenoids have been found in different parts of the Neem plant. Beta-Sitosterol, KAEMPFEROL, QUERCETIN, MYRICETIN present in the flower and leaf, Azadirachtin, NIMBIDIN present in the seed and stem bark have medicinal values, along with several other chemicals cited in the references. These chemicals can be extracted in the Neem oil, obtained from seed and fruit of the plant.
Barleria prionitisPorcupine flowerवज्राद्नती VajradantiRoot
Leaves
Flower
Infectious diseases
Accidents
Pains and Inflammation
Common ailments
Organ-specific disorders
Indoid glycosides
Barlerin
Verbascoside
Indoid glycosides, Barlerin, Verbascoside from flower have potent activity against respiratory syntial virus, which may account for the plant's use in fever and respiratory diseases.
Boerhavia diffusaRed hogweed, Tar Vine, Red Spiderling, WineflowerPunarnava, SathaRoot
Leaves
Common ailments
Organ-specific disorders
>>This plant contains a large number of compounds like flavonoids
alkaloids
steroids
triterpenoids
lipids
lignins.

>>Other molecules isolated and studied from this plant are

> Punarnavine (Agarwal and Dutt
1936; Basu et al.
1947; Surange and Pendse
1972)
>Boeravinone A.F (Kadota et al.
1989; Lami et al.
1990; 1992)
>Hypoxanthine 9-L-arabinofuranoside (Ahmad and Hossain
1968)
>Ursolic acid (Mishra and Tiwari
1971)
>Punarnavoside (Jain and Khanna
1989)
>Liirodendrin (Aftab et al.
1996)
‘Punarnavoside’ found in roots of B. diffusa is a new antifibrinolytic compound.
Boswellia serrataIndian OlibanumKundur, Luban, SalaiBark
Other
Infectious diseases
Pains and Inflammation
Stem bark - lupeol and b-sitostrol

Root bark - naphthalene derivatives 'semigossypol' (related to gossypol thetoxic principle of cotton seed)

Flowers - b-sitosterol, kaempherol and quercetin
Calotropis proceraRubber bush, apple of SodomAak आक, Mudar मुदरPains and Inflammation
Common ailments
Cedrus deodaraDeodar CedarदेओदारBarkInfectious diseases
Pains and Inflammation
Cancer
Himalayan Cedarwood Oil contains two major sesquiterpenoids a - and ß- himachalenes1. Deodarone2 and deodardione3 are also isolated from the essential oil.Lignan extract of stem wood of Cedrus deodara consisted of (-)-wikstromal (75-79%), (-)-matairesinol (9-13%) and benzylbutyrolactol (7-11%) and was studied for its in vitro cytotoxcity against human cancer cell lines.
Cinnamomum tamalaIndian Bay Leaf, Indian cassia, Indian cassia bark, Tamala cassia, Malabar Leafतेजपत्ता tejpattaLeavesInfectious diseases
Common ailments
Systemic disorders
Crocus sativusSaffronकेसर KesarOtherPains and Inflammation
Mental disorders
Cancer
picrocrocin
a β-D-glucoside of hydroxysafranal
crocins
safranal. Zeaxanthin
lycopene
Curcuma longaCommon Turmericहल्दी HaldiRoot
Rhizome
Leaves
Infectious diseases
Accidents
Pains and Inflammation
Common ailments
Systemic disorders
Organ-specific disorders
Cancer
Curcumin
Curcumin derivatives
Turmeronol
Curcumerone
Turmerone
stigmasterol
ß-sitosterol
anthraquinone
Curcumin is the active ingredient in the traditional herbal remedy.Curcumin has a surprisingly wide range of beneficial properties, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic activity. The pleiotropic activities of curcumin derive from its complex chemistry as well as its ability to influence multiple signaling pathways, including survival pathways such as those regulated by NF-κB, Akt, and growth factors; cytoprotective pathways dependent on Nrf2; and metastatic and angiogenic pathways. Curcumin is a free radical scavenger and hydrogen donor, and exhibits both pro- and antioxidant activity. It also binds metals, particularly iron and copper, and can function as an iron chelator. Curcumin is remarkably non-toxic and exhibits limited bioavailability. Curcumin exhibits great promise as a therapeutic agent, and is currently in human clinical trials for a variety of conditions, including multiple myeloma, pancreatic cancer, myelodysplastic syndromes, colon cancer, psoriasis and Alzheimer’s disease.
Curcuma zedoariaWhite turmeric, Zedoaryजंगली हऴदी Jangli Haldi
Cyperus rotundusCommon Nut Sedge, Coco grass, Nutgrass, Purple nutsedgeबड़ा नागर मोथा Bara-nagar-motha, कोरेही झाड़ Korehi-jhar, मोथा Motha
Daucus carotaWild carrot, Bird's nest, Bishop's lace, Queen Anne's laceगाजर Gajar
Eclipta prostrataInfectious diseases
Common ailments
Organ-specific disorders
Elettaria cardamomumCardamom, Green cardamomइलाएची ElaichiFruit
Seeds
Most of the active compounds come from the volatile Cardamom oil, which varies from 6 to 10% of the mature seed weight.
Embelia ribesEmbelia, False Black Pepper, False PepperVayavidnag, BaberangInfectious diseases
Equisetum ramosissimumBranched HorsetailInfectious diseases
Accidents
Systemic disorders
Eucalyptus globulusTasmanian Blue Gum, Southern Blue Gum, Blue Gum
Garcinia cambogiaGamboge tree
Glycyrrhiza glabraCultivated Liquorice, Sweetwoodमुलेठी MulethiRoot
Leaves
Infectious diseases
Pains and Inflammation
Systemic disorders
Organ-specific disorders
Cancer
Hibiscus rosa-sinensisHibiscus, Chinese hibiscusगुढ़ल GurhalRoot
Leaves
Flower
Flavonoids
Flavonoid glycosides
Hibiscetin
Cyanidine
Cyanidin glucosides
Taraxeryl acetate
β-sitosterol
Campesterol
Stigmasterol
Ergosterol
Citric
tartaric and oxalic acids
Cyclopropenoids
Anthocyanin
Hiptage benghalensisHiptage, Helicopter flowerमाधवी लता Madhavi Lata, अतिमुक्त AtimuktaRoot
Bark
Flower
Nutritional deficiencies
Pains and Inflammation
Systemic disorders
Organ-specific disorders
Hygrophila auriculataHygrophila, Temple plant, Marsh Barbelतालीम ख़ाना Talim KhanaRoot
Leaves
Seeds
Infectious diseases
Pains and Inflammation
Common ailments
Organ-specific disorders
High concentration of Potassium and mucilage are two of active components.
Ipomoea digitataGiant potatoBilaikand
Jasminum officinaleCommon Jasmine, Poet's Jasmine, Spanish Jasmineचमेली Chameli
Madhuca longifoliaMahuaमहुआ MahuaInfectious diseases
Accidents
Pains and Inflammation
Systemic disorders
Organ-specific disorders
Mangifera indicaMangoआम AmStem
Bark
Leaves
Flower
Other
Infectious diseases
Nutritional deficiencies
Systemic disorders
Organ-specific disorders
Mesua ferreaCobra saffron, Ceylon ironwood, Indian rose chestnutनाग चम्पा Nag champa, नागकेसर NagkesarRoot
Leaves
Flower
Seeds
Mimusops elengiSpanish cherry, Bullet woodबकुल Bakul, मौलसरी MaulsariStem
Bark
Flower
Fruit
Seeds
Infectious diseases
Pains and Inflammation
Common ailments
Organ-specific disorders
Alkaloids
tannin
saponins
taraxerone
taraxerol
ursolic acid
betulinic acid
α-spinosterol
β-sitosterol
querrcitol
lupeol
isoretronecyl tigalate
triterpenoid saponins
steroidal saponin
Nelumbo nuciferaWater Lily, Lotus, Sacred Lotus, East Indian Lotusकमल KamalRoot
Rhizome
Leaves
Flower
Fruit
Seeds
Other
Infectious diseases
Common ailments
Systemic disorders
Organ-specific disorders
Quercetin, Luteolin, their glycoside derivatives and kaempferol glycoside are obtained from flowers and leaves. Leaves also contain benzyl tetrahydroisoquinoline, aporphine and 6a, 7-dehydroaporphine type of alkaloids. Thus basesroemerine, nuciferine, anonaine, pronuciferine, N-nor-nuciferine, liriodenine, nor-nuciferine, armepavine, N-methylcoclaurine, dehydronuciferine, dehydroroemerine, dehydroanomaine and N-methylisococlaurine have been obtained from the leaves, seed oil consisted mainly of linoleic, linolenic, palmitic acid oleic acid, with a small quantity of myristic acid.
Nymphaea stellataBlue water lily, Red and blue water lily', Blue star water lily, Star lotusNeelkamal नीलकमल
Ocimum tenuiflorumHoly Basil, Indian Basilतुलसी TulsiLeaves
Seeds
Infectious diseases
Pains and Inflammation
Systemic disorders
Organ-specific disorders
Phyllanthus emblicaIndian Gooseberry, Amlaआमला AmlaRoot
Leaves
Flower
Fruit
Seeds
Infectious diseases
Nutritional deficiencies
Common ailments
Ascorbic acid
Tannins
Phyllemblin
Curcuminoids
Linolenic acid
Piper longumLong Pepperपिपली Pipli
Rauvolfia serpentinaIndian snakeroot, Serpentine woodसर्पगंधा SarpagandhaRoot
Stem
Leaves
Infectious diseases
Systemic disorders
Ajmaline
Deserpidine
Rescinnamine
Serpentinine
Reserpine
Ajmalicine
Isoajmaline
Ajmalinine
Chandrine
Rauwolfinine
Renoxidine
Rescin-namine
Reserpiline
sarpagine
tetraphyllicine
yohimbine
3-epi-a-yohimbine
Strychnine
Santalum albumIndian Sandalwood, White Sandalwoodचन्दन Chandan
Saraca indicaAshokaअशोक AshokBark
Flower
Pains and Inflammation
Common ailments
Cancer
Flavanoids
Sesamum indicumSesameGingli, TilFlower
Seeds
Other
Infectious diseases
Pains and Inflammation
Systemic disorders
sesamin
sesamolin
sesamol and sesaminol(phenolic antioxidants)
chlorosesamone (2-chloro- 5
8-dihydroxy-3-3methyl-2-butenyl)-1
4- naphthoquinone)
sesamolinol diglucoside
Anthrasesamones A
B and C
Syzygium aromaticumCloveलवंग Lavang
Syzygium cuminiJava plum, Jamunजामुन Jamun
Tinospora cordifoliaGulbel, Indian Tinosporaगिलोय Giloy, गुलांचा Gulancha, गुलबेल GulbelOrgan-specific disorders
… further results