Property:Habitat details

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A

Acacia concinna +Rain forest, disturbed forest, open grassland, fields, creek sides, in open areas often a sprawling shrub; also recorded from limestone; altitude 50-1050 m  +
Acrostichum aureum +The plants usually prefer brackish and saline marshes, in mangrove forests. Sunderbans is thus a perfect habitat for them. However they cannot tolerate flooding (Naturia) They are occasionally found in freshwater swamps, marshes and around lakes. However, it is only the sporophyte that can grow in high soil salinity, the gametophyte cannot tolerate as much salt.(Li) Among the first large low-growing plants to grow on the landward side of the mangrove, the fern provides shade for other plants and trees to take root. But on cleared mangroves, it can form impenetrable thickets which prevents other plants from taking root. Thus it is often considered a weed. For animals, these thickets provide safety and shelter. Birds such as the Purple Heron (Ardea purpurea) make their nests in these thickets. (Naturia)  +
Alpinia abundiflora +The plant prefers high altitudes  +
Alpinia allughas +This plant grows along banks of streams, canals and rivers. It is found in forests, marshy tracts, swamps and also in tea gardens  +
Alpinia calcarata +Cultivated, Undergrowth forests  +
Artocarpus heterophyllus +This is now a cultivated species. It is cultivated widely in SE Asia, as also in Brazil and parts of China. However, it is thought to be native to India and indigenous to Western Ghats. It is a lowland species which requires plenty rainfall.  +
Azadirachta indica +Mainly a tropical and subtropical species, it grows mainly in low-lying areas and wooded areas in India and Sri Lanka. Neem is known to grow well under less water availability and thus is a hardy species. The species has been naturalized now in several other countries like Indonesia and Australia. The plant is found growing along road sides, near temples, wooded areas, forest edges, gardens, deciduous forests etc.  +
Azolla pinnata +''A. pinnata'' is a wetland, aquatic species. found freely floating on water, in inundated rice fields, canals and ponds. Azolla cannot survive winters with prolonged freezing, so is often grown as an ornamental plant at high latitudes where it cannot establish itself firmly enough to become a weed. It is not tolerant to salinity; normal plants can't survive in greater than 1-1.6‰, and even conditioned organisms die in over 5.5% salinity. Other Azolla species are also serious weeds in many parts of the world, entirely covering some bodies of water. The myth that no mosquito can penetrate the coating of fern to lay its eggs in the water gives the plant its common name "mosquito fern".  +

B

Barleria prionitis +Porcupine flower is a native of tropical East Africa (possibly Madagascar) and Asia. It likes warm and humid climates. It needs well-drained soil for growth and mostly grows on igneous and sedimentary soil types. The plant cannot tolerate intense shade and thus grows in full sunlight or in light forest canopies, either as single plants or as thickets. Found on roadsides, disturbed areas, farmed and overgrazed soils.  +
Boerhavia diffusa +B. diffusa is widely dispersed, occurring throughout India, the Pacific, and southern United States. This wide range is explained by its small fruit, which are very sticky and grow a few inches off the ground, ideally placed to latch on to small migratory birds as they walk by.  +

C

Catharanthus roseus +Of the eight species of Catharanthus, seven are endemic to Madagascar and the one - C. roseus - is also found in India. This unlikely coincidence is probably because India and Madagascar were joined in the Pangaea before the movement of continents. C. roseus grows best in warm climates and is hardy with respect to its nutritional and water requirements. Madagascar periwinkle is a tolerant plant that can become established in a variety of tropical and subtropical habitats. In Madagascar, the plant’s native home, it has been collected in open woods, shrublands, grasslands, and disturbed areas, along roadsides, and on beaches and limestone rocks. It is found from sea level to 900 m altitude, on a variety of substrates.  +
Cedrus deodara +The `cedar' is commonly gregarious at altitudes from 2000‑3000 m.  +
Ceratopteris pteridoides +Aquatic to semiaquatic; in swamps, bogs, canals, ponds, lakes, ditches, marshes; 0--25 m. In India, it is found in fish ponds, water reservoirs and in rice fields. It may be more widely distributed in India and the other specimens may have been mis-identified as ''C. thalictroides'' Considered native to the Old World (not clear whether India)  +
Ceratopteris thalictroides +Swampy areas, swamp forests, sago (Metroxylon) swamps, marshes, natural and man-made ponds, mostly in stagnant water bodies or in still pockets along slow flowing rivers, full sun to moderate shade, from sea level to 1300 m, but mostly less than 500 m altitude. Sometimes massed on or around logs or other floating vegetation, once recorded in a fresh-water mangrove (Sonneratia) growing among the finger-like pneumatophores. In some areas Ceratopteris exhibits a degree of seasonality, reaching maturity and shedding spores during the dry season; plants have lost nearly all sterile fronds by this stage. The species has been reported to functionally be an annual, repopulating from spore the next season, but it is clearly of indefinite lifespan in cultivation.  +
Cocos nucifera +The coconut palm thrives on sandy soils and is highly tolerant of salinity. It prefers areas with abundant sunlight and regular rainfall (150 cm to 250 cm annually), which makes colonizing shorelines of the tropics relatively straightforward.Coconuts also need high humidity (70–80%+) for optimum growth  +
Curcuma longa +Cultivated, Cultivated fields and Plains, Fields,Gardens, Kitchen gardens,Shaded moist places & Rocky Cliffs in primary forests  +
Cyperus rotundus +The plant is known as the '''worlds worst weed'''. Its existence in a field significantly reduces crop yield, both because it is a tough competitor for ground resources, and because it is allelopathic, the roots releasing substances harmful to other plants. Similarly, it also has a bad effect on ornamental gardening. The difficulty to control it is a result of its intensive system of underground tubers, and its resistance to most herbicides. It is also one of the few weeds that cannot be stopped with plastic mulch.  +

E

Elettaria cardamomum +Cardamom is a shade loving plant (40-60%) cultivated in an altitude of 600 to 1200 m above MSL with an annual rainfall of 1500 to 4000 mm and a temperature range of 10 to 35°C. It is susceptible to wind and hence, gentle sloppy lands facing eastern or northern directions are considered ideal for its cultivation. It is generally grown in the evergreen forests where the surface soil is enriched by the deposition of organic matter due to organic recycling. The cardamom soils are found to be clay loam, distinctly acidic (5.0 to 6.6 pH), rich in organic matter (5.92%) and low in available phosphorous (14.71 kg/ha) and potassium (156.2 kg/ha) depicting the characteristics of the humid tropic soils (Kulkarni et al., 1971). It grows on a variety of soils from white quartz gravel, with only a shallow zone of humus accumulation, to chocolate coloured forest loams extending to considerable depths below the humus layer and red loamy soils. The soil depth is fairly deep with good drainage. Most of the cardamom growing soils are situated in heavy rainfall areas and therefore suffers from leaching of nutrients (Zachariah 1975)  +
Equisetum ramosissimum +It is a helophyte, an aquatic plant and grows in regularly flooded region. It is sometimes also found in shallow waters. It is often found dormant and can form extensive stands  +

H

Hiptage benghalensis +The plant is naturalized and cultivated in some regions. It grows in damp places. Needs presence of other trees in vicinity.  +
Hygrophila auriculata +Is a wild aquatic plant. Grows near ponds, lakes, ditches, paddy-fields. Is an attractive foliage for pond margins.  +

I

Isoetes coromandelina +''Isoetes'' is usually found in aquatic environments and moist soils. They grow solitary or gregarious, in open or closed vegetation, growing near edges of small ponds and lakes. Often locally dominant and can form extensive stands. The distribution of ''I. coromandelina'' is hard to define due to difficulties in taxonomic delimitation. Under certain classification schemes, it is classified as endemic to the Indian subcontinent  +

J

Jasminum sambac +cultivated,Cultivated fields,Cultivated fields and Plains,cultivated in gardens,Decidious forest,dry mixed forests,Escape,forest edges,Gardens,Gardens and Roadsides,House gardens,Plains,River Banks,Sandy scrup jungles,Temple gardens,Tropical regions,Undergrowth,Undergrowth forests,waste land,Wild  +

M

Marsilea coromandelina +All Marsilea species are found in Africa and in India highlighting the fact that India was once upon a time connected to Madagascar. This species grows on the edges of small pools, near buffalo wallows and seasonally swampy areas. When the habitat dries, the soporcarp-bearing stems grow upright.  +
Marsilea minuta +Shallow pools, river edges, Canals, ditches, rice fields. Most abundant in temporarily flooded places where it may form large and dense colonies which can become locally dominant. TOLERATES CONSIDERABLE ORGANIC POLLUTION. Sporocarps develop as water recedes.  +
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