Important specialized metabolites - Revision history

Gauravm at 18:20, 27 June 2016

2016-06-27T18:20:19Z

Gauravm at 18:05, 27 June 2016

2016-06-27T18:05:56Z

Gauravm at 20:53, 7 May 2016

2016-05-07T20:53:04Z

Gauravm at 20:43, 7 May 2016

2016-05-07T20:43:25Z

Gauravm at 20:39, 7 May 2016

2016-05-07T20:39:33Z

Gauravm: Created page with "=Terpenoids= ==Monoterpenoids== * Linalool: Important component of floral scent. Initial breakthrough from (S)-linalool synthase purified from flowers of ''Clar..."

2016-05-07T20:36:57Z

Created page with "=Terpenoids= ==Monoterpenoids== * Linalool: Important component of floral scent. Initial breakthrough from (S)-linalool synthase purified from flowers of ''Clar..."

New page

=Terpenoids=
==Monoterpenoids==
* [[w:Linalool|Linalool]]: Important component of floral scent. Initial breakthrough from (S)-linalool synthase purified from flowers of ''Clarkia breweri''.
==Diterpenoids==
==Sesquiterpenoids==
==Triterpenoids==

=Phenylpropanoids=
* Methyl eugenol
* Methyl isoeugenol
* Benzyl acetate
* Methyl salicylate

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:20, 27 June 2016
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	==Allelopathy examples==		==Allelopathy examples==
	* Leucaena leucocephala, the miracle tree promoted for revegetation, soil and water conservation and animal improvements in India, also contains a toxic, non-protein amino acid in leaves and foliage that inhibits the growth of other trees but not its own seedlings. Leucaena species have also been shown to reduce the yield of wheat but increase the yield of rice. Leachates of the chaste tree or box elder can retard the growth of pangolagrass but stimulate growth of bluestem, another pasture grass.		* Leucaena leucocephala, the miracle tree promoted for revegetation, soil and water conservation and animal improvements in India, also contains a toxic, non-protein amino acid in leaves and foliage that inhibits the growth of other trees but not its own seedlings. Leucaena species have also been shown to reduce the yield of wheat but increase the yield of rice. Leachates of the chaste tree or box elder can retard the growth of pangolagrass but stimulate growth of bluestem, another pasture grass.
		+
		+	* For the Apiaceae, the presence of hydroxycoumarins may be an ancestral trait relative to the more toxic linear furanocoumarins, demonstrating that the more complex angular furanocoumarins are the most derived of all three conditions (15, 16). Indeed, Berenbaum & Zangerl (17) showed that variations in the production of furanocoumarins in the Apiaceae plant, Pastinaca sativa, were accompanied by variations in the ability of the herbivorous insect to metabolize these compounds. The high levels of matching between plant and insect phenotypes suggested that the genes conferring an ability to exploit hosts may be tightly linked. [http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/pdf/10.1146/annurev-arplant-042110-103854 Link]

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:05, 27 June 2016
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	\|}		\|}
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		+	==Allelopathy examples==
		+	* Leucaena leucocephala, the miracle tree promoted for revegetation, soil and water conservation and animal improvements in India, also contains a toxic, non-protein amino acid in leaves and foliage that inhibits the growth of other trees but not its own seedlings. Leucaena species have also been shown to reduce the yield of wheat but increase the yield of rice. Leachates of the chaste tree or box elder can retard the growth of pangolagrass but stimulate growth of bluestem, another pasture grass.

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 | Monoterpenoid
 | Floral scent
-| Monoterpenoid alcohol. Initial breakthrough from (S)-linalool synthase purified from flowers of ''Clarkia breweri''. The expression of (S)-linalool synthase is closely correlated with the synthesis of (S)-linalool in ''C. breweri''.
+| Monoterpenoid alcohol. Initial breakthrough from '''(S)-linalool synthase''' purified from flowers of ''Clarkia breweri''. The expression of (S)-linalool synthase is closely correlated with the synthesis of (S)-linalool in ''C. breweri''.
 | Pichersky and Gershenzon, 2002
 |-
@@ Line 17: / Line 17: @@
 | Phenylpropanoid
 | Floral scent
-| In common garden snapdragon, ''Antirrhinum majus''. A gene encoding the enzyme benzoic acid carboxyl methyl transferase (BAMT), which produces one of the principal floral volatiles of this species, methyl benzoate, was isolated and shown to be flower-specific. The expression of BAMT, which belongs to the same family as salicylic acid carboxyl methyl transferase (SAMT), is tightly correlated with the synthesis of methyl benzoate. The gene encoding BAMT is expressed exclusively in epidermal cells of the petals, some of which have a conical shape that increases their surface area [15••]. Interestingly, there is a higher concentration of the enzyme in parts of the petal that are closer to the path that bees take to reach the nectar, including the ‘hairs’ (i.e. unicellular glands) found in the center of the basal petal. Hence, the scent may serve as guide for bees to find their way inside the flower.
+| In common garden snapdragon, ''Antirrhinum majus''. A gene encoding the enzyme '''benzoic acid carboxyl methyl transferase (BAMT)''', which produces one of the principal floral volatiles of this species, methyl benzoate, was isolated and shown to be flower-specific. The expression of BAMT, which belongs to the same family as salicylic acid carboxyl methyl transferase (SAMT), is tightly correlated with the synthesis of methyl benzoate. The gene encoding BAMT is expressed exclusively in epidermal cells of the petals, some of which have a conical shape that increases their surface area [15••]. Interestingly, there is a higher concentration of the enzyme in parts of the petal that are closer to the path that bees take to reach the nectar, including the ‘hairs’ (i.e. unicellular glands) found in the center of the basal petal. Hence, the scent may serve as guide for bees to find their way inside the flower.
 | Pichersky and Gershenzon, 2002
 |}

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 {|class="wikitable sortable"
-! Compound || Type || Role || Notes
+! Compound || Type || Role || Notes || References
 |-
 ! [[w:Linalool|Linalool]]
 | Monoterpenoid
 | Floral scent
-| Monoterpenoid alcohol. Initial breakthrough from (S)-linalool synthase purified from flowers of ''Clarkia breweri''.
+| Monoterpenoid alcohol. Initial breakthrough from (S)-linalool synthase purified from flowers of ''Clarkia breweri''. The expression of (S)-linalool synthase is closely correlated with the synthesis of (S)-linalool in ''C. breweri''.
 |-
 | Methyl eugenol, Methyl isoeugenol, Benzyl acetate, Methyl salicylate
@@ Line 11: / Line 12: @@
 | Floral scent
 | ''Clarkia breweri''
 |}