Property:Modern scientific knowledge description

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A
Acacia concinna +	Saponins extracted from ''A concinna'' have been reported to have spermicidal activities ''(Pakrashi et al, 1991)'', immunological adjuvant activities ''(Kukhetpitakwong et al, 2006)'' and anti-cancer, cytotoxic activities ''(Tezuka et al, 2000)''  +
Adansonia digitata +	Mostly microsatellite markers are available.  +
Alpinia abundiflora +	NCBI doesnt have any genomic information on this species (August 2010)  +
Alpinia calcarata +	''Alpinia calcarata'' is used atleast in Sri Lanka as a folk medicine for pain relief. Some studies from University of Colombo have tried to study the effect of ethanolic extracts and hot water extracts on reproductive competence and pain relief in rats.  +
Andrographis paniculata +	1> cancer: https://www.thieme-connect.com/DOI/DOI?10.1055/s-0030-1250039 : Planta Medica, 2010 Jun 10 this paper demonstrates that andrographolide a major constituent of Andrographis paniculata suppressed the invasion ability of CT26 cells in Matrigel-based invasion assays. Andrographolide shown to inhibit matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) activity without affecting its expression. It also to play role in attenuation of activation of ERK, but not Akt pathways. 2> Phytochemistry Volume 71, Issues 11-12, August 2010, Pages 1298-1304 This paper talks about Biosynthesis of andrographolide in Andrographis paniculata ... 3> Chinese Medicine 2010, 5:17 http://www.cmjournal.org/content/5/1/17 An extensive review about the Bioactivities of compounds derived from A. paniculata also their effect on different cellular processes.  +
Artocarpus heterophyllus +	On NCBI, on 2-Aug-2010, only a handful mRNA sequence were available. No thorough EST dataset. Protein sequences and some structures of Jacalin - a lectin binding protein are present. Jacalin, due to its high glycoprotein affinity, is being researched for use to separate human IgA from other glycoproteins.  +
Azadirachta indica +	Microsatellite DNA sequences are available in NCBI Entrez (Aug 12, 2010). However a large amount of pharmacological information is available about the constituents and effects of Neem oil (Wikipedia). Most studies have specifically studies Azadirachtin or whole seed oil. Not a lot is known about the molecular basis of action of these chemicals.  +
B
Barleria prionitis +	Not much study has gone into genomics of this plant. Very few sequences available at NCBI. However some work has been done on the different secondary metabolites of the plant having drug-like activities - antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory. (Aug 2010)  +
C
Catharanthus pusillus +	Studies using powdered form of C. pusillus on buffalo calves indicated that they are poisonous. This effect was due to damage to the endothelial lining of the capillary wall and the C.N.S, as determined by histopathology. One such cytotoxic principle is Lochnerinine.  +
Ceratopteris pteridoides +	11 nucleotide sequences and 2 protein data are available as on 25/08/10  +
Ceratopteris thalictroides +	Not much information is present. People have sequenced the genomic sequence of the LEAFY gene which is responsible for leaf development in plants. (Aug 2010).  +
E
Equisetum ramosissimum +	''E. ramosissimum'' is known to be toxic at high dosage. One study on horses indicates that Equisetum species have a high content of the enzyme thiaminase. Upon being eaten, the enzyme is released in the animal's gut and causes degradation of Vitamin B1 or thiamine. A high dose can lead to avitaminosis and death  +
H
Hygrophila auriculata +	Mostly, activities of extracts on mice or cell cultures is known. Not much else.  +
I
Isoetes coromandelina +	Under submerged conditions, ''Isoetes'' species have been reported to use the Crassulacean Acid Metabolism pathway for carbon assimilation, just like desert plants. (Kramer) ''Isoetes'' roots have been found to be associated with fungal species which form bunches of intracellular hyphae in cortical cells of young roots.Such associations are not dependent on habitat (Sharma) The various species may also exist as inter-species hybrids with highly variable chromosome numbers. One species - ''I. sampathkumaranii'' - has been shown to be a hexaploid. Some American species are decaploids (Kramer)  +
M
Madhuca longifolia +	Very little is known about the DNA/RNA/Proteins of this species. NCBI Taxonomy search on 10 Aug, 2010 revealed just 1 EST and 1 protein sequence, that too from a chloroplast thioesterase gene. However, Nandan Biomatrix Limited is supposed to have undertaken a genome sequencing project. The seed has a high oil content and the plant is thus being explored as a source of biofuel  +
Mangifera indica +	On NCBI, mostly ribosomal ITS2 sequences and microsatellite marker sequences are available. Research has also focused on medicinal properties of Mangiferin, a xanthoid derivative obtained from Mango leaves.  +
Marsilea brachycarpa +	Only the sequence of Rubisco protein and gene are available on NCBI, alongwith some ribosomal spacer regions which are typically used for making phylogenies (For Marsilea brachypus, Aug 2010)  +
Marsilea brachypus +	Only the sequence of Rubisco protein and gene are available on NCBI, alongwith some ribosomal spacer regions which are typically used for making phylogenies (For Marsilea brachypus, Aug 2010)  +
Marsilea coromandelina +	The haploid chromosomal number of this species is 21. It has been postulated that the species is an aneuploid with the ancestral state being n=20.  +
Marsilea gracilenta +	Only the sequence of Rubisco protein and gene are available on NCBI, alongwith some ribosomal spacer regions which are typically used for making phylogenies (For ''M. minuta'', Aug 2010)  +
Marsilea maheshwari +	Only the sequence of Rubisco protein and gene are available on NCBI, alongwith some ribosomal spacer regions which are typically used for making phylogenies (For ''M. minuta'', Aug 2010)  +
Marsilea minuta +	Only the sequence of Rubisco protein and gene are available on NCBI, alongwith some ribosomal spacer regions which are typically used for making phylogenies (Aug 2010)  +
Microsorum pteropus +	Hardly any nucleotide sequences present on Genbank.  +
Mimusops elengi +	Very little sequence information available on NCBI (Sep 2010)  +
Murraya exotica +	Not a lot of genomic sequences are available on NCBI. Most of the information on Google Scholar is on the activities and components of its extracts.  +

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