Rauvolfia serpentina - Revision history

Gauravm at 15:38, 6 September 2010

2010-09-06T15:38:40Z

Gauravm: added some medicinal knowledge and distribution

2010-08-21T03:01:20Z

added some medicinal knowledge and distribution

Gauravm at 22:34, 20 August 2010

2010-08-20T22:34:49Z

Gauravm: rauwolfia and rauvolfia explanation in intro

2010-08-20T22:34:31Z

rauwolfia and rauvolfia explanation in intro

Shwetankverma at 20:27, 20 August 2010

2010-08-20T20:27:28Z

Shwetankverma at 18:24, 20 August 2010

2010-08-20T18:24:34Z

Shwetankverma at 18:21, 20 August 2010

2010-08-20T18:21:13Z

Shwetankverma at 18:16, 20 August 2010

2010-08-20T18:16:49Z

Gauravm at 04:08, 20 August 2010

2010-08-20T04:08:00Z

Gauravm: header image added

2010-08-20T04:07:37Z

header image added

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-{{Header Image
+{{Combined plant species form
 |introdescription=''Rauvolfia serpentina'' or snakewood is a plant native to India. The genus is also called ''Rauwolfia'', but the name ''Rauvolfia'' is the one accepted by the Species 2000 project, an official international species nomenclature agency. ''Rauvolfia serpentina'' is a popular folk medicine for diabetes and high blood pressure. It also has tranquilizing properties and is used as an antipsychotic drug, for curing schizophrenia and against snakebites.
 |Headerimage=Rauvolfia serpentina 002.JPG
 |Headercaption=Flowers of Snakeroot.
 |Headerspeciesname=Rauwolfia serpentina
 |username=Gauravm, shwetankverma
 |page creation date=2010/08/20
@@ Line 16: / Line 14: @@
 |name meaning=The extract of the plant has also been used for millennia in India — Alexander the Great administered this plant to cure his general Ptolemy of a poisoned arrow. It was reported that Mahatma Gandhi took it as a tranquilizer during his lifetime.
 |ref name meaning=Wikipedia
 |Regnum=Plantae
 |Division=Magnoliophyta
@@ Line 24: / Line 20: @@
 |Family=Apocynaceae
 |Genus=Rauvolfia
 |plant general morphology=A small shrub 50-60 cm high, branches simple and glabrous. Leaves whorled, usually 3, ovate-lanceolate, elliptic-lanceolate, 7-16 x 2.5-5 cm, acute or acuminate, entire, dark green above and pale green beneath, membranous, with 8-12 pairs of lateral nerves, petiole 5-15 mm long, with glands in the leaf axils. Inflorescence of terminal or axillary, many-flowered much branched cymes, peduncle 2.5-10 cm long, pedicel c. 5 mm long, red, bract minute, acute, triangular, bright red. Flowers pink, c. 1 cm across. Calyx c. 2.5 mm long, ovate or lanceolate, acute, equalling the tube. Corolla tube 8-12 mm long, inflated in the middle, throat hairy, lobes spreading, 4 mm long, overlapping to the left in bud, stamens inserted in the middle of the corolla. Disc conspicuous, cupshaped, style filiform, stigma capitate. Fruit c. 8 mm in diameter, 2 separate or in two lobes, red, ovoid, pointed, turning shining black when fully mature.
 |ref plant general morph=Encylopedia of Life
@@ Line 38: / Line 32: @@
 |bloom type=Perennial
 |leaf shape=Ovate
 |speciesname=Rauwolfia serpentina
 |speciesname2=Rauwolfiaserpentina
@@ Line 49: / Line 41: @@
 |native=Yes
 |ref native=Wikipedia
 |medicinal significance=Yes
 |medicinal system=Ayurveda, Folk Medicine
@@ Line 72: / Line 62: @@
 |plant clinical studies=Yes
 |ref plant clinical studies=shwetank
 |food use=No
 |plant commercial=Yes
 |ref plant commercial=shwetank
 |commercial applications=Medicinal use
 |plant commercial parts=Root, Stem
 |molecular data=Yes
 |molecular data type=Genomic sequences, Expressed Sequence Tags (ESTs), Protein sequences, Secondary metabolite data, Drug-related data, Enzyme activities, Biochemical pathway data
@@ Line 88: / Line 72: @@
 |modern scientific knowledge description=The protein structure of enzyme Polyneuridine Aldehyde Esterase is available. This enzyme catalyzes a step involved in formation of alkaloid Sarapagan in Rauwolfia. This alkaloid has an action on the nervous system. Some steps in the synthesis of such Rauwolfia alkaloids have been studied in detail. Alkaloids like Sarpagan have also been shown to be produced by R. serpentina cell cultures.
 |ref modern scientific knowledge=NCBI Taxonomy, Cell culture
 |species name=Rauwolfia serpentina
 |mod species name=Rauwolfia_serpentina

@@ Line 42: / Line 42: @@
 |speciesname=Rauwolfia serpentina
 |speciesname2=Rauwolfiaserpentina
-|habitat details=Tropical Himalayas to Sikkim, Assam, Deccan Penninsula, South East Punjab.
+|state=Assam, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Dadra and Nagar Haveli, Goa, Gujarat, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Meghalaya, Punjab, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal
-|ref habitat details=Encyclopedia of Life
+|biotic zone=Northeastern Himalayas, Eastern Ghats, Western Ghats, Central Deccan Plateau, Indo-Gangetic Plain, Outlying Islands
 |native=Yes
 |ref native=Wikipedia
@@ Line 54: / Line 57: @@
 |ailment=hypertension, antidote to the bites of poisonous reptiles like snakes, dysentery, cholera
 |plant medicinal parts=Root, Stem, Leaves
-|medicinal active compounds=Ajmaline, Deserpidine, Rescinnamine, Serpentinine, Reserpine, Ajmalicine, Isoajmaline, Ajmalinine, Chandrine, Rauwolfinine, Renoxidine, Rescin-namine, Reserpiline, sarpagine, tetraphyllicine, yohimbine, 3-epi-a-yohimbine
+|medicinal active compounds=Ajmaline, Deserpidine, Rescinnamine, Serpentinine, Reserpine, Ajmalicine, Isoajmaline, Ajmalinine, Chandrine, Rauwolfinine, Renoxidine, Rescin-namine, Reserpiline, sarpagine, tetraphyllicine, yohimbine, 3-epi-a-yohimbine, Strychnine
 |ref medicinal active compounds=Wikipedia, himalaya
 |medicinal molecular basis=Yes
@@ Line 64: / Line 67: @@
 These alkaloids can have various effects on many other medical complications, so a strict medical supervision is advisable while taking rauwolfia alkaloids.
-|ref plant toxic effect details=Hymalaya, drugs
 |plant clinical studies=Yes
 |ref plant clinical studies=shwetank
 }}
-{{Plant cultural significance}}
+{{Plant cultural significance
 {{Plant cultivation
 |plant commercial=Yes
@@ Line 75: / Line 82: @@
 |plant commercial parts=Root, Stem
 }}
-{{Infobox scientific knowledge}}
+{{Infobox scientific knowledge
 {{Infobox taxonomy crosslink
 |species name=Rauwolfia serpentina
@@ Line 84: / Line 97: @@
 }}
 {{Commons gallery}}
 {{Reference web
-|refkeyword=rauwolfia alkaloids ayurveda
+|refkeyword=rauwolfia alkaloids ayurveda Drugs.com
 |title1=rauwolfia alkaloid
 |url=http://www.drugs.com/cons/rauwolfia-alkaloid.html
@@ Line 93: / Line 117: @@
 }}
 {{Reference web
-|refkeyword=rauwolfia  ayurveda
+|refkeyword=Himalaya rauwolfia  ayurveda
-|title1=Herbal monograph: Rauwolfia serpentina
+|title1=Himalaya Herbal monograph: Rauwolfia serpentina
 |url=http://www.himalayahealthcare.com/herbfinder/h_rauwolfia.htm
 |year=2010

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 {{Header Image
-|introdescription=''Rauvolfia serpentina'' or snakewood is a plant native to India. The genus is also called ''Rauwolfia'', but the name ''Rauvolfia'' is the one accepted by the Species 2000 project, an official international species nomenclature agency. ''Rauvolfia serpentina' is a popular folk medicine for diabetes and high blood pressure. It also has tranquilizing properties and is used as an antipsychotic drug, for curing schizophrenia and against snakebites.
+|introdescription=''Rauvolfia serpentina'' or snakewood is a plant native to India. The genus is also called ''Rauwolfia'', but the name ''Rauvolfia'' is the one accepted by the Species 2000 project, an official international species nomenclature agency. ''Rauvolfia serpentina'' is a popular folk medicine for diabetes and high blood pressure. It also has tranquilizing properties and is used as an antipsychotic drug, for curing schizophrenia and against snakebites.
 |Headerimage=Rauvolfia serpentina 002.JPG
 |Headercaption=Flowers of Snakeroot.

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 {{Header Image
-|introdescription=''Rauvolfia serpentina'' or snakewood is a plant native to India. It is a popular folk medicine for diabetes and high blood pressure. It also has tranquilizing properties and is used as an antipsychotic drug, for curing schizophrenia and against snakebites.
+|introdescription=''Rauvolfia serpentina'' or snakewood is a plant native to India. The genus is also called ''Rauwolfia'', but the name ''Rauvolfia'' is the one accepted by the Species 2000 project, an official international species nomenclature agency. ''Rauvolfia serpentina' is a popular folk medicine for diabetes and high blood pressure. It also has tranquilizing properties and is used as an antipsychotic drug, for curing schizophrenia and against snakebites.
 |Headerimage=Rauvolfia serpentina 002.JPG
 |Headercaption=Flowers of Snakeroot.

@@ Line 6: / Line 6: @@
 }}
 {{Nomenclature
-|username=Gauravm
+|username=Gauravm, shwetankverma
 |page creation date=2010/08/20
 |species name=Rauwolfia serpentina

@@ Line 63: / Line 63: @@
 |plant toxic effect details=rauwolfia alkaloids are known to many of drugs like  Brofaromine, Clorgyline, Furazolidone, Iproniazid, Isocarboxazid, Lazabemide, Linezolid, Moclobemide, Nialamide, Pargyline, Phenelzine, Procarbazine, Rasagiline, Selegiline, Tetrabenazine, Toloxatone, Tranylcypromine.
-These alkaloids can have variour effects on various types other medical complications so a strict medical supervission is advisable while taking rauwolfia alkaloids.
+These alkaloids can have various effects on many other medical complications, so a strict medical supervision is advisable while taking rauwolfia alkaloids.
-−
-−
-−
 |ref plant toxic effect details=Hymalaya, drugs
 |plant clinical studies=Yes
@@ Line 82: / Line 79: @@
 }}
 {{Commons gallery}}
 <headertabs/>
 {{stub}}
 [[Category:Plants]]
 [[Category:Species page]]