Nelumbo nucifera - Revision history

Gauravm at 03:16, 1 May 2014

2014-05-01T03:16:11Z

Gauravm at 04:00, 24 November 2010

2010-11-24T04:00:17Z

Gauravm: scientific info added

2010-10-01T03:10:14Z

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Gauravm at 03:16, 30 September 2010

2010-09-30T03:16:59Z

Gauravm at 15:53, 6 September 2010

2010-09-06T15:53:48Z

Gauravm at 04:53, 31 July 2010

2010-07-31T04:53:51Z

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2010-07-31T04:07:23Z

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2010-07-31T03:58:35Z

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 {{Combined plant species form
-|introdescription=The Indian Lotus, also known as the Sacred Lotus, is a culturally significant plant in many Asian cultures in general and Indian culture in particular. It is a plant native to the Indian subcontinent, but now is found as an ornamental plant worldwide. The Lotus is considered a symbol of devotion and purity. It is the seat of Goddess Lakshmi, Goddess Saraswati, Lord Vishnu and Lord Brahma.
+|introdescription=The Indian Lotus, also known as the Sacred Lotus, is a culturally significant plant in many Asian cultures in general and Indian culture in particular. It is a plant native to the Indian subcontinent, but now is found as an ornamental plant worldwide. The Lotus is considered a symbol of devotion and purity. It is the seat of Goddess Lakshmi, Goddess Saraswati, Lord Vishnu and Lord Brahma. The flowers of Lotus have several medicinal properties as per Ayurveda. '''Lotus is also the national flower of India.'''
-−
 The flowers of Lotus have several medicinal properties as per Ayurveda. '''Lotus is also the national flower of India.'''
 |Headerimage=Sacred lotus Nelumbo nucifera.jpg
 |Headercaption=An Indian Lotus in full bloom

@@ Line 10: / Line 10: @@
 |species name=Nelumbo nucifera
 |speciesname2=Nelumbo_nucifera
 |synonym name=Nelumbium speciosum, Nelumbium speciosa
 |ref synonym name=EoL

@@ Line 23: / Line 23: @@
 |Genus=Nelumbo
 |ref source=Encyclopedia of Life
 |plant general morphology=Petiole 1-2 m long, terete, fistulous, glabrous or papillae hard and scattered; leaf blade abaxially blue-green, orbicular, 25-90 cm in diameter, papery, glabrous, glaucous, water-repellent, margin entire. Flowers 10-23 cm in diameter; peduncles longer than petioles, glabrous or sparsely spinulate. Tepals caducous, pink or white, oblong-elliptic to obovate, 5-10 cm long, 3--5 cm wide. Stamens slightly longer than receptacle; filament slender; anther linear, 1-2 mm long; connective appendage clavate, to 7 mm, incurved. Receptacle accrescent, turbinate, 5-10 cm in diameter. Fruit oblong to ovoid, 1.0-2.0 cm long, 7-15 cm wide, glabrous; pericarp thick, hardened.
 |ref plant general morph=EoL from Plants of Tibet
 |plant type=Herb
@@ Line 35: / Line 35: @@
 |bloom type=Perennial
 |ref bloom type=EoL, AHSEncyclo
 |life cycle=The plants also attract insects and are also anemophilous in their pollen/seed dispersal. The flowers bloom in the morning and wither away later in the day.
 |ref life cycle=Gauravm
 |leaf petiole type=Petiolated
@@ Line 59: / Line 59: @@
 |ref medicinal system=Sasya
 |ailment types=Infectious diseases, Common ailments, Systemic disorders, Organ-specific disorders
 |ailment=Diarrhea, Dysentry, Cholera, Piles, Ring worm, Fever, Leprosy, Snake Bite, Dyspepsia,
 |ref ailment=Sasya
 |plant medicinal parts=Root, Rhizome, Leaves, Flower, Fruit, Seeds, Other
@@ Line 65: / Line 65: @@
 |medicinal active compounds details=Quercetin, Luteolin, their glycoside derivatives and kaempferol glycoside are obtained from flowers and leaves. Leaves also contain benzyl tetrahydroisoquinoline, aporphine and 6a, 7-dehydroaporphine type of alkaloids.  Thus basesroemerine, nuciferine, anonaine, pronuciferine, N-nor-nuciferine, liriodenine, nor-nuciferine, armepavine, N-methylcoclaurine, dehydronuciferine, dehydroroemerine, dehydroanomaine and N-methylisococlaurine have been obtained from the leaves, seed oil consisted mainly of linoleic, linolenic, palmitic acid oleic acid, with a small quantity of myristic acid.
 |ref medicinal active compounds details=Sasya Sampada
 |medicinal use description=Flower- astringent, in diarrhoea, cholera, diseases of liver and heart; filament – in bleeding piles and menorrhagia; rhizome in piles, dysentery, dyspepsia, and skin diseases including ring worm; young leaf in fever; seed used for local application in leprosy and other skin affections; pistil-antidote in snake poisoning, demulcent, antiemetic.Rhizomes are given to Children in diarrhoea and dysentry.
 |ref medicinal use description=Sasya Sampada
@@ Line 80: / Line 82: @@
 |ref commercial applications=gauravm
 |plant commercial parts=Entire plant, Root, Rhizomes, Stem, Leaves, Flower, Fruit, Seeds
 |commercial use description=Almost all parts of the plant have medicinal and culinary uses as previously described. The plant is also a prized ornamental plant, especially in artificial ponds.
 |ref commercial use description=Gauravm
 |time of planting=Summer, Monsoon
@@ Line 92: / Line 94: @@
 |ref cultivation details=AHS Encyclopedia
 |molecular data=Yes
-|molecular data type=Enzyme activities
+|molecular data type=Expressed Sequence Tags (ESTs), Enzyme activities
-|modern scientific knowledge description=The sacred lotus attracts pollinators by producing heat through a nonphosphorylating electron transport pathway that releases energy by electron flow through an alternative respiratory pathway.The alternative pathway of respiration, catalysed by the Alternative Oxidase (AOX), is responsible for heat production in the sacred lotus
+|ref mol data type=NCBI Taxonomy
-|ref modern scientific knowledge=EoL through Biomimicry Institute
+|modern scientific knowledge description=The sacred lotus attracts pollinators by producing heat through a nonphosphorylating electron transport pathway that releases energy by electron flow through an alternative respiratory pathway.The alternative pathway of respiration, catalysed by the Alternative Oxidase (AOX), is responsible for heat production in the sacred lotus.(EoL through Biomimicry Institute)
 |iucn=Not Evaluated
 |ncbi id=4432
 |leaf_morphology=Petiole 1-2 m long, terete, fistulous, glabrous or papillae hard and scattered; leaf blade abaxially blue-green, orbicular, 25-90 cm in diameter, papery, glabrous, glaucous, water-repellent, margin entire
 |ref_leaf_morphology=EoL

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 {{Combined plant species form
 |Headerimage=Sacred lotus Nelumbo nucifera.jpg
 |Headercaption=An Indian Lotus in full bloom
@@ Line 6: / Line 9: @@
 |page creation date=2010/06/13
 |species name=Nelumbo nucifera
 |synonym name=Nelumbium speciosum, Nelumbium speciosa
 |ref synonym name=EoL
@@ Line 23: / Line 27: @@
 |bloom type=Perennial
 |ref bloom type=EoL
 |life cycle=The plants also attract insects and are also anemophilous in their pollen/seed dispersal.
 |ref life cycle=Gauravm
 |ref state=FoI
 |habitat details=Rooted hydrophyte. It grows in permanent water bodies,small ponds and shallow areas of lakes and rivers.
 |ailment=Diarrhea, Dysentry, Cholera, Piles, Ring worm, Fever, Leprosy
 |ref ailment=Sasya
-|plant medicinal parts=Flowers,Other,Leaves,Rhizomes
+|plant medicinal parts=Leaves, Other
 |ref plant medicinal parts=Sasya
 |medicinal use description=Flower- astringent, in diarrhoea, cholera, diseases of liver and heart; filament – in bleeding piles and menorrhagia; rhizome in piles, dysentery, dyspepsia, and skin diseases including ring worm; young leaf in fever; seed used for local application in leprosy and other skin affections; pistil-antidote in snake poisoning, demulcent, antiemetic.Rhizomes are given to Children in diarrhoea and dysentry.
 |ref medicinal use description=Sasya
 |food use=Yes
-|food plant part=Rhizomes, Flowers, Leaves
+|food plant part=Rhizomes, Leaves
 |food use description=Edible rhizomes,stem and seeds,leaves are used to serve as food plates.
 |religious significance=Yes
@@ Line 45: / Line 45: @@
 |plant commercial=Yes
 |ref plant commercial=Gauravm
-|commercial applications=Human consumption,Ornamental use, Religious use
+|commercial applications=Human consumption, Ornamental use, Religious use
 |ref commercial applications=gauravm
 |iucn=Not Evaluated
 |ncbi id=4432
-|ipni link=95332-3
+|leaf_morphology=Petiole 1-2 m long, terete, fistulous, glabrous or papillae hard and scattered; leaf blade abaxially blue-green, orbicular, 25-90 cm in diameter, papery, glabrous, glaucous, water-repellent, margin entire
 }}
 {{Commons gallery
@@ Line 59: / Line 61: @@
 |image2=Lotus-field.jpg
 |caption2=A lotus farm
 }}
 {{Reference web
@@ Line 67: / Line 74: @@
 |month=07
 |date=01
 }}
 {{Reference web
@@ Line 75: / Line 87: @@
 |month=07
 |date=01
 }}
 {{Reference web
@@ Line 83: / Line 100: @@
 |month=07
 |date=30
 }}
 {{Reference web
@@ Line 91: / Line 113: @@
 |month=07
 |date=30
 }}
 <headertabs/>

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-{{Header Image
+{{Combined plant species form
 |Headerimage=Sacred lotus Nelumbo nucifera.jpg
 |Headercaption=An Indian Lotus in full bloom
 |Headerspeciesname=Nelumbo nucifera
 |username=Supriyak
 |page creation date=2010/06/13
@@ Line 13: / Line 11: @@
 |common indian names=कमल, Kamal, Pundarika, पद्म, Padma (Hindi); থম্বাল, Thambal(Manipuri); Pandkanda, कमल Kamal(Marathi); செந்தாமரை, chenthaamarai, Tamarai, அம்பல், Ambal(Tamil); Tamara(Malayalam); Tamara, Erra-tamara(Telugu); Tavare-gadde(Kannada); কমল, Komol, পদ্মা Padma(Bengali); Padam(Oriya); نیلوفر, Nilufer(Urdu); Padam(Assamese); Motunkamal(Gujarati); सरसिज, Sarsija, Pankeruha , शारदा, Sharada, अम्बुज, Ambuj (Sanskrit)
 |ref common indian names=FoI
 |Regnum=Plantae
 |Division=Angiospermae
@@ Line 21: / Line 17: @@
 |Family=Nelumbonaceae
 |Genus=Nelumbo
 |plant type=Herb
 |flower color=Pink
@@ Line 34: / Line 28: @@
 |life cycle=The plants also attract insects and are also anemophilous in their pollen/seed dispersal.
 |ref life cycle=Gauravm
 |state=Harayana; Karnataka
 |ref state=FoI
 |habitat details=Rooted hydrophyte. It grows in permanent water bodies,small ponds and shallow areas of lakes and rivers.
 |ailment=Diarrhea, Dysentry, Cholera, Piles, Ring worm, Fever, Leprosy
 |ref ailment=Sasya
@@ Line 47: / Line 37: @@
 |medicinal use description=Flower- astringent, in diarrhoea, cholera, diseases of liver and heart; filament – in bleeding piles and menorrhagia; rhizome in piles, dysentery, dyspepsia, and skin diseases including ring worm; young leaf in fever; seed used for local application in leprosy and other skin affections; pistil-antidote in snake poisoning, demulcent, antiemetic.Rhizomes are given to Children in diarrhoea and dysentry.
 |ref medicinal use description=Sasya
 |food use=Yes
 |food plant part=Rhizomes, Flowers, Leaves
@@ Line 55: / Line 43: @@
 |religion=Hinduism, Buddhism
 |ref religion=FoI, Self
 |plant commercial=Yes
 |ref plant commercial=Gauravm
 |commercial applications=Human consumption,Ornamental use, Religious use
 |ref commercial applications=gauravm
 |iucn=Not Evaluated
 |species name=Nelumbo nucifera

@@ Line 31: / Line 31: @@
 |leaf morphology=Petiole 1-2 m long, terete, fistulous, glabrous or papillae hard and scattered; leaf blade abaxially blue-green, orbicular, 25-90 cm in diameter, papery, glabrous, glaucous, water-repellent, margin entire
 |ref leaf morphology=EoL
-|root morphology==The root system has thick rhizomes with fibrous roots.
+|root morphology=The root system has thick rhizomes with fibrous roots.
 |life cycle=The plants also attract insects and are also anemophilous in their pollen/seed dispersal.
 |ref life cycle=Gauravm