Elettaria cardamomum - Revision history

Gauravm at 15:17, 6 September 2010

2010-09-06T15:17:26Z

Gauravm at 03:51, 19 August 2010

2010-08-19T03:51:21Z

Gauravm at 03:50, 19 August 2010

2010-08-19T03:50:02Z

Gauravm: added a lot of information from Sasya Sampada

2010-08-19T03:47:44Z

added a lot of information from Sasya Sampada

Gauravm: created page added classification and nomenclature

2010-08-15T05:08:16Z

created page added classification and nomenclature

Gauravm: Created page with ' {{stub}} Category:Plants Category:Species page'

2010-08-14T23:17:37Z

Created page with '<headertabs/> {{stub}} Category:Plants Category:Species page'

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 |introdescription=''Elettaria cardamomum'' is the spice Cardamom or "Elaichi" used for cooking in many parts of the world and in India. It is popularly used to spice up tea in India. Cardamom refers to several plants of the genera Elettaria and Amomum in the ginger family Zingiberaceae. Both genera are native to India, they are recognised by their small seed pod, triangular in cross-section and spindle-shaped, with a thin papery outer shell and small black seeds. Elettaria pods are light green while Amomum pods are larger and dark brown.  (Source: Wikipedia)
 |Headerimage=Elettaria cardamomum2.jpg
 |Headercaption=Cardamom fruit and seeds
 |Headerspeciesname=Elettaria cardamomum
 |username=Gauravm
 |page creation date=2010/08/15
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 Used in Saudi Arabia for preparing traditional coffee – cardamom drink called ‘Gahwa’, which is given to visitors as a symbol of Arab hospitality and as an inducement to tranquil thoughts. It is a tradition that the ritual of coffee is not disturbed by discussion of business terms, and so negotiations are not entered into until the coffee has been sipped and enjoyed in peace. Gahwa is made from roasted green coffee beans, crushed with brass pestle and mortar and put into a small brass coffee maker with hot water, broken cardamom pods, cardamom seeds, sugar and a pinch of ground cloves. The coffee is then boiled for 2-3 minutes, strained and served ‘black’ in delicate little cups (Sasya Sampada)
 |ref name meaning=Wikipedia Cardamom, Sasya Sampada
 |Regnum=Plantae
 |Division=Magnoliophyta
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 |Family=Zingiberaceae
 |Genus=Elettaria
 |plant general morphology=A herbaceous perennial plant having subterranean rhizomatous stem with tall (around 5m) tall pseudostem formed by leaf sheaths. The plant has a characteristic fibrous root system of monocots and is very shallow in nature. Leaves are petiolate, distichous, linear, lanceolate, acuminate, sessile or very shortly petioled; glabrous above, softly pubescent beneath, 1-2 feet long and 2-3 inches wide.
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 |leaf petiole type=Petiolated
 |ref leaf petiole type=Sasya Sampada
 |speciesname=Elettaria cardamomum
 |speciesname2=Elettariacardamomum
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 |westernghats=Yes
 |ref endemic westernghats=Sasya Sampada
 |medicinal significance=Yes
 |medicinal system=Ayurveda
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 |medicinal use description=Cardamom is used as an adjuvant to carminative drugs. It is officially recognised in British and US pharmacopoeias and used as an aromatic stimulant, carminative and flavouring agent. It can be used to ease cigarette addiction. Eating a few seeds of cardamom can safely be recommended to initially minimise the number if cigarettes being smoked, and slowly the smoker may give up the chronic addiction to chain smoking
 |ref medicinal use description=Sasya Sampada
 |food use=Yes
 |food plant part=Fruit, Seeds
 |food use description=Cardamom is used in several Indian food preparations. In industry, it is used to flavor pickles, canned soup, baked goods, condiments, sauces and meat. A very popular use of Cardamom in India, especially southern part of India, is as a spice in tea and coffee.
 |plant commercial=Yes
 |commercial applications=Human consumption, Medicinal use, Cosmetic use
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 |cultivation details=Cardamom is a shade loving plant (40-60%) cultivated in an altitude of 600 to 1200 m above MSL with an annual rainfall of 1500 to 4000 mm and a temperature range of 10 to 35°C. It is susceptible to wind and hence, gentle sloppy lands facing eastern or northern directions are considered ideal for its cultivation. It is generally grown in the evergreen forests where the surface soil is enriched by the deposition of organic matter due to organic recycling. The cardamom soils are found to be clay loam, distinctly acidic (5.0 to 6.6 pH), rich in organic matter (5.92%) and low in available phosphorous (14.71 kg/ha) and potassium (156.2 kg/ha) depicting the characteristics of the humid tropic soils (Kulkarni et al., 1971). It grows on a variety of soils from white quartz gravel, with only a shallow zone of humus accumulation, to chocolate coloured forest loams extending to considerable depths below the humus layer and red loamy soils. The soil depth is fairly deep with good drainage. Most of the cardamom growing soils are situated in heavy rainfall areas and therefore suffers from leaching of nutrients (Zachariah 1975)
 |ref cultivation details=Sasya Sampada
 |iucn=Not Evaluated
 |ref iucn=EoL

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 Cardamom flower is bisexual and is adapted to entomophilous type of pollination. They very structure of the flower, attractive nature of the petals, and the production of nectar in the epigynous glands are adaptations for accomplishing cross-pollination.
-                                                                                                                              The chief pollinator of cardamom is honey bee. Two species namely Apis cerana indica and A. dorsata contribute to over 90% of pollination. Peak foraging is recorded between 9 am and 11 am depending upon environmental conditions. Three to five visits per flower is optimum for pollination. The flora in cardamom plantation comprises of 37 species, out of which 19 are trees. Shade trees such as Vernonia arborea, Ficus retusa and Cassia fistula are the major sources for nectar. A limited pollination occurred through ants and rainwater.
 |ref life cycle=Sasya Sampada
 |leaf shape=Lanceolate

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 Cardamom flower is bisexual and is adapted to entomophilous type of pollination. They very structure of the flower, attractive nature of the petals, and the production of nectar in the epigynous glands are adaptations for accomplishing cross-pollination.
-                                                                                                                               The chief pollinator of cardamom is honey bee. Two species namely Apis cerana indica and A. dorsata contribute to over 90% of pollination. Peak foraging is recorded between 9 am and 11 am depending upon environmental conditions. Three to five visits per flower is optimum for pollination. The flora in cardamom plantation comprises of 37 species, out of which 19 are trees. Shade trees such as Vernonia arborea, Ficus retusa and Cassia fistula are the major sources for nectar. A limited pollination occurred through ants and rainwater.
+                                                                                                                              The chief pollinator of cardamom is honey bee. Two species namely Apis cerana indica and A. dorsata contribute to over 90% of pollination. Peak foraging is recorded between 9 am and 11 am depending upon environmental conditions. Three to five visits per flower is optimum for pollination. The flora in cardamom plantation comprises of 37 species, out of which 19 are trees. Shade trees such as Vernonia arborea, Ficus retusa and Cassia fistula are the major sources for nectar. A limited pollination occurred through ants and rainwater.
 |ref life cycle=Sasya Sampada
 |leaf shape=Lanceolate

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 |common indian names=इलाएची Elaichi (Hindi);इलाची Elachi (Marathi);Elam Ancha (Tamil);Elatarri (Malayalam);Elaki (Telugu);Elakki (Kannada);Elaichi (Urdu);الاچی,Trutih (Sanskrit)
 |ref common indian names=Flowers of India
-|name meaning=The word cardamom is derived from the Latin "cardamomum",the romanization of the Greek "καρδάμωμον" (kardamomon), in turn from "κάρδαμον" (kardamon), "cress" + "ἄμωμον" (amomon), a kind of an Indian spice plant. The earliest attested form of the word kardamon is the Mycenaean Greek ka-da-mi-ja, written in Linear B syllabic script.
+|name meaning=The word cardamom is derived from the Latin "cardamomum",the romanization of the Greek "καρδάμωμον" (kardamomon), in turn from "κάρδαμον" (kardamon), "cress" + "ἄμωμον" (amomon), a kind of an Indian spice plant. The earliest attested form of the word kardamon is the Mycenaean Greek ka-da-mi-ja, written in Linear B syllabic script. (Wikipedia Cardamom)
 |ref name meaning=Wikipedia Cardamom
 }}
 {{Infobox binomial classification
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 }}
 {{Infobox plant morphology
 |plant type=Herb
 |plant cotyledon=Monocot
 |bloom type=Perennial
 |ref bloom type=Flowers of India, Wikipedia
 }}
 {{Infobox plant habitat spread
 |speciesname=Elettaria cardamomum
 |speciesname2=Elettariacardamomum
 |native=Yes
 |ref native=Wikipedia
 }}
 {{Infobox scientific knowledge}}
 {{Infobox taxonomy crosslink
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 |mod species name=Elettaria_cardamomum
 |ncbi id=105181
 }}
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 |date=15
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